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Inductive vs. Deductive Reasoning 3135 Views


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Description:

Deductive reasoning? Brilliant, Watson.

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:03

Inductive versus deductive reasoning a la shmoop as you may have

00:09

heard there is a more than one way to skin a cat although none of them are [Cat appears by a bunch of flowers]

00:13

endorsed by peta in the same vein there is more than one way to apply reason for

00:19

example you may decide that it wouldn't be a good idea for you to skin a cat

00:23

because all living things are precious and you may be incurring the wrath of [God in the sky]

00:28

God by so callously torturing one of his creatures or you might just realize that

00:33

you got too much homework to do tonight either way there's cats somewhere

00:37

sighing a huge meow of relief when it comes to reasoning there are two ways to

00:42

do it by using inductive reasoning or by using deductive reasoning those are the

00:48

main ways of reasoning and of course you could also try using

00:53

seductive reasoning but you better look good in a nightie yeah sorry there pal [Man in a pink nightie on a bed]

00:58

well deductive reasoning starts with a statement about something big and then

01:03

it whittles it down to something smaller for example if you say that all tractors

01:07

are red and your dad has a tractor well you can deduce that your dad's tractor [Man on a tractor]

01:13

is red and there's like a communist subtext in there somewhere people we're

01:17

sure of it all right well however in order for it to work the original

01:21

statement has to be true otherwise you're practicing faulty reasoning and

01:27

you're gonna arrive at an untrue conclusion as it so happens your dad's

01:31

tractor is pink although he insists that it's called light salmon thank you very [Dad driving a pink tractor]

01:36

much inductive reasoning on the other hand starts with something small and

01:40

then moves outward to something bigger like my sister has a pierced ear she is

01:45

in a band so everyone in the band has a pierced ear well we haven't interviewed [Band members with pierced ears]

01:52

everyone in the band but that we find that

01:54

conclusion unlikely inductive reasoning tends to result in some sloppy

01:59

conclusions like the one demonstrated here it isn't without merit though

02:03

inductive reasoning is a good way to come up with a hypothesis about

02:06

something and then you can use deductive reasoning to apply that hypothesis and

02:10

see if it sticks like you might say that anvils are affected by gravity and [Anvil falls]

02:15

feathers are affected by gravity therefore everything is affected by

02:21

gravity it all seems pretty legit unless one day we find something that isn't

02:25

affected by gravity a concept that would probably hit us like a ton of bricks and [Brick hits man in the face]

02:31

yeah in that case we have to revisit our conclusion let's try another example and

02:35

see what happens inductive reasoning the Sun is a star

02:39

the Sun is not in my coffee mug therefore no stars are in my coffee mug

02:44

all right first of all it's just kind of weird now let's use deductive reasoning

02:49

in the reverse order isn't that an add subtly for Starbucks

02:53

and maybe not...all right and we say there are no stars in my coffee mug the Sun is

02:59

a star the Sun must not be in my coffee mug haha success! [Man discussing sun and stars with coffee mug]

03:04

the Sun is indeed not in my coffee mug although our tongues beg to differ

03:11

ouch

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