Zero-one integer programming is kind of what it sounds like: using 0’s and 1’s in computer programming. This can be called “binomial,” where you only have two options: 0 or 1. Yes or no. Chocolate or vanilla. There’s no room for a swirl choco-vanilla combo in zero-one integer programming. Sorry.
Financiers might use zero-one integer programming to help them make financial decisions with the limited financial resources they currently have (think: capital rationing problems). It can help them figure out returns on investments and planning. With the simple “yes/no” at each stage, this can lead investors down a long decision tree that helps them decide just what to do.