Immigration and Territory

• Between 1840 and 1860, estimated number of people that entered the United States: 4 million¹³
• Of those that immigrated to the U.S. between 1840 and 1860, the percent that headed for northern states: 90%¹⁴
• Size of territory ceded by Mexico to the United States with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo in February 1848: 525,000 square miles or 1.4 million square kilometers¹⁵
• In the election of 1860, the total number of votes that Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln received in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas: zero

Free and Enslaved Black Population 1830 – 1860