Jamestown Terms
Chesapeake, The Chesapeake, Chesapeake Bay
This refers to the coastal regions of Virginia and Maryland surrounding the Chesapeake Bay—the 200-mile long inlet stretching between the Atlantic Ocean and the Susquehanna River.Dysentery
This is a potentially deadly illness, usually caused by bacterial infection, causing stomach pain and diarrhea.House Of Burgesses
Established in 1619, this was the first elected assembly in America. The burgesses, or freemen, in each borough, or county, were allowed to select two representatives. The House of Burgesses had the authority to initiate and pass legislation, pending the governor's approval, and it served as the colony's highest court of appeals.Indenture, Indentured, Indentured Servants, Indentured Servant
An indenture is a contract between two parties. In Jamestown, the term was most commonly used to describe a labor contract in which one party agreed to work for a specified period of time, usually four or five years, in return for some form of compensation, usually passage to the colony, room and board, and "freedom dues" (three barrels of corn and a suit of clothes) upon completion of the indenture.Militia
The militia was the citizen-army raised to provide defense against Native American attack and foreign invasion. By law, all free adult men were required to serve in the militia when called into service by the governor.Navigation Act, Navigation Acts
These were a series of laws passed by British Parliament, beginning in 1650, designed to implement the theories of mercantilism. According to these theories, Britain would be strengthened by building a self-sufficient economy. To achieve this, England, the "mother country," should establish colonies to provide raw materials that it lacked and markets for the manufactured goods that it produced. Navigation acts, which regulated trade between the colonies and the mother country, ensured that the mother country received the benefits of the goods and materials produced by the colony.The navigation acts aimed at Virginia during the 17th century forbade trade with the Dutch and required that all tobacco be shipped directly to England or one of its colonies. Parliament also required that the tobacco be transported on British ships manned by crews that were at least three-quarters British.