Literary Devices in O Pioneers!
Symbolism, Imagery, Allegory
Setting
The Great Plains of Nebraska (a.k.a. the
prairie, a.k.a. the Divide)
Let's face it: the Nebraska plains don't sound all that exciting. But
when it comes to O
Pioneers!, the story's setting might j...
Narrator Point of View
Third Person (Limited
Omniscient)
Let's talk about our new best friend, the narrator in O Pioneers!
This narrator really gives us the inside scoop on the novel's
characters. In fact, most of...
Genre
Get ready, Shmoop-ineers. This is a tough one.
First things first. O
Pioneers! might be a work of fiction, but its setting comes
right out of American history. There were settlers on the Ne...
Tone
A great way to get what we mean by pastoral is to read the
poetic epigraph to O Pioneers!, "Prairie
Spring," which Cather wrote herself. We spend a while talking about this
in our section on th...
Writing Style
Pastoral, as we mention
in our section on "Tone," has to do with descriptions of nature. So,
why are we also talking about it here? Well, O Pioneers! is pastoral both in its attitude
toward the...
What's Up With the Title?
How many books do you know that have an exclamation point in
the title? Probably not too many. A title usually gives the reader some idea
what the book is about, but O
Pioneers! makes a statement i...
What's Up With the Epigraph?
O
Pioneers! comes with not one, but two epigraphs. Let's check 'em
out.
Evening and the flat land,
Rich and somber and always silent;
The miles of fresh-plowed soil,
Heavy and black, full...
What's Up With the Ending?
If your ideal novel ends with a ride off into the sunset,
well, O Pioneers!
might just be the book for you. In the end, Alexandra makes plans to marry Carl,
her childhood sweetheart, and they decid...
Tough-o-Meter
Don't get us wrong. While O Pioneers! has a straightforward plot and won't
bog you down with a lot of big words or complex sentence structures, it still
packs a hefty punch.
The central quest...
Plot Analysis
Exposition (Initial
Situation)
There's no place
like… Nebraska
The exposition spans from the very beginning, when the
Divide is almost unlivable, to more prosperous times, when Alexandra has...
Booker's Seven Basic Plots Analysis
Initial wretchedness at
home and the 'Call'
What can we say? Booker really gets it right on this one. O Pioneers! starts
when the Divide is still a harsh, unlivable place, leaving Alexandra wond...
Three-Act Plot Analysis
This is where we get to know all the main characters and the
important issues in their lives. We see the scene change from stark,
inhospitable, depressing to booming, lush and rich. This act ends...
Trivia
Willa Cather's sexuality (especially its reflection in her
writing) remains a popular topic of contention among literary critics. Cather
was together with her partner, Edith White, for 40 years. (S...
Steaminess Rating
If you know where to look, sex is all over the place in O Pioneers! But,
just as Alexandra's innermost feelings and desires form an "underground
river," that only surfaces now and then, sexual th...
Allusions
Kate Greenaway (1.1.14). The narrator describes little Marie
Tovesky as being dressed in the "Kate Greenaway" style. Kate
Greenaway (1846-1901) was an illustrator and author of ch...