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Chemistry: 4.5 Quantum Mechanical Model 66 Views


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Description:

They're kind of like regular models, except instead of clothes they show off electrons. We don't advise any people making the same switch before going out in public, though. We don't imagine that would go over too well.

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:03

The Schrodinger family

00:05

has turned out a ton of successful models. [Schrodinger family together]

00:07

There's Emmy Schrodinger, who models

00:10

runway fashions in Paris, [Emmy falls off fashion runway]

00:13

Candy Schrodinger, who is regularly featured on

00:15

the covers of magazines like Vogue and

00:17

Cosmo, and Beatrice Schrodinger, who's an [Beatrice waving]

00:21

up-and-coming hand model. She's thinking

00:23

of branching into feet. But none of

00:25

that's good enough for Delia Schrodinger,

00:27

the brainy one of the bunch. She's [Delia reading Science book]

00:30

determined to be a quantum mechanical

00:31

model. When her sisters asked her what in

00:34

the world that is, well, she explains, a

00:36

quantum mechanical model is a visual

00:39

demonstration of the location of an atom's

00:41

electrons. Basically, by dividing the [Electrons orbiting an atom]

00:44

space around a nucleus into orbitals, it

00:47

offers probable locations where an

00:49

electron might be found, which is usually

00:52

about where she loses them. Well, Delia

00:54

will not be deterred from her dream. Delia knows that to become the best [Delia inside an atom]

00:58

quantum mechanical model she can be,

01:00

she's going to need her orbitals

01:02

categorized by quantum number. For

01:05

starters, she's got her principal quantum

01:07

number, symbolized by the letter n,

01:10

because the letter n is in the word

01:12

principal somewhere... right there. This number [Hand points to Principal]

01:15

represents the energy level containing

01:17

an electron and ranges from 1 to 7. The

01:20

lower the number, the lower the energy.

01:22

If the principal quantum number is six

01:24

or seven on the other hand, then the

01:26

electron has more energy than a [Man holding dog bowl and dog follows]

01:27

chihuahua at feeding time. Delia's next

01:30

orbital is categorized by the orbital

01:32

quantum number, or angular momentum

01:35

quantum number, symbolized by the letter

01:37

l. This number indicates the shape of the

01:40

electron cloud, as well as the number of

01:43

sublevels of energy present. There are

01:46

two sublevels of energy in energy

01:47

level two, three sublevels of energy in

01:50

energy level three, and so on. Well, the

01:52

third number is the magnetic quantum

01:54

number, symbolized by the letter m, which

01:57

explains how the orbital is oriented. And, [Orbitals talking to each other]

02:00

it further breaks down the previous quantum

02:02

number. It's almost like the principal

02:04

quantum number is a book, the angular

02:06

momentum quantum number is a chapter, and

02:08

the magnetic quantum number

02:10

is a page, to put things in terms a

02:13

literature nut can understand. Finally

02:15

there's the spin quantum number,

02:17

symbolized by the letter s. Well, all this

02:20

one does is demonstrate what direction [Atom orbitals spinning in different directions]

02:22

an electron is moving in an orbital,

02:24

clockwise or counterclockwise. And yeah,

02:26

electrons are always moving... not really

02:28

the "Netflix and chill" kind of type. Well, [Electron relaxing watching TV]

02:32

Delia's sisters may not be able to

02:33

understand her fascination with

02:35

electrons, but at least they support her

02:36

in her efforts. There was actually a halfway

02:39

decent turnout at her last subatomic [Delia modelling as an atom and walks down runway]

02:41

particle show.

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