How we cite our quotes: Section.Part (if applicable).Paragraph
Quote #4
Virtue, placed at such a distance, is like a fixed star, which, though to the eye of reason it may appear as luminous as the sun in his meridian, is so infinitely removed as to affect the senses, neither with light nor heat. Bring this virtue nearer, by our acquaintance or connexion with the persons, or even by an eloquent recital of the case; our hearts are immediately caught. (V.II.28)
Even though virtue is always a good thing, Hume recognizes that we don't always react to it on the same level. Sometimes, when it's at a distance from us, we understand it but don't feel much of an emotional response. Our sympathy only ignites when it either relates to us and our loved ones or is described in a way that touches us on a deeper, emotional level.
Quote #5
It is requisite that there be an original propensity of some kind, in order to be a basis to self-love, by giving a relish to the objects of its pursuit; and none more fit for this purpose than benevolence [...] it would be difficult to show why a man is more a loser by a generous action, than by any other method of expense; since the utmost which he can attain by the most elaborate selfishness, is the indulgence of some affection. (IX.II.7)
Think that self-interest and benevolence are incompatible? Well, Hume's response is "think again." In fact, Hume suggests that our sense of humanity provides the basis for self-interest—it's kind of like our emotional core that gives us our motivation. Selfishness alone is hollow. It's that old chestnut: we gain more by generosity than extreme selfishness. Charles Dickens would be proud.
Quote #6
Again; attend to Cicero, while he paints the crimes of a Verres or a Catiline […] The orator may paint rage, insolence, barbarity on the one side; meekness, suffering, sorrow, innocence on the other. But if you feel no indignation or compassion arise in you from this complication of circumstances, you would in vain ask him, in what consists the crime or villainy, which he so vehemently exclaims against? (AI.16)
Cicero was a philosopher, political theorist, and public speaker who prosecuted some famous Roman politicians. Cicero got a lot of attention for his speeches but this wasn't just because of the facts he presented. As Hume says elsewhere in the Enquiry, we respond to things like speeches, poetry, and historical events all the more when they arouse our sense of sympathy. Like any good storyteller, Cicero was a dude who knew how to engage his audience.