Formalism Texts - "Art as Technique" by Viktor Shklovsky (1916)

Shklovsky was only 24 years old when he wrote this essay that would revolutionize literary criticism. Did we mention he was only 24? Yeah, we can't get over it.

According to Shklovsky, why is "defamiliarization" so integral to literature?

Shklovsky analyzes the work of the writer Lev Tolstoy in this essay. How does Tolstoy achieve defamiliarization, according to Shklovsky?