Get out the microscope, because we’re going through this poem line-by-line.
Lines 25-28
Upon the middle of the night,
Waking she heard the night-fowl crow:
The cock sung out an hour ere light:
From the dark fen the oxen's low
- The third stanza has our lady waking up in the middle of the night because of a bird's cry.
- Apparently, she's stayed awake until the rooster cried in the morning. Was she binge watching Netflix?
- Unlikely—we can safely assume she was crying. It's just about all she does, after all.
- She also hears the oxen make their morning noises. We hope she hired someone to feed those oxen, because it doesn't seem like she goes outside much.
Lines 29-32
Came to her: without hope of change,
In sleep she seem'd to walk forlorn,
Till cold winds woke the gray-eyed morn
About the lonely moated grange.
- Mariana has no hope, but why?
- It's because she doesn't think anything will ever change. She's convinced she'll be missing her fella and wandering around forever.
- She's so "forlorn" that she feels like a sleepwalker.
- In a couple imagery-rich lines, we see that the landscape around her matches her mood.
- It's all cold, gloomy, and lonely—that's more pathetic fallacy for ya.
Lines 33-36
She only said, "The day is dreary,
He cometh not," she said;
She said, "I am aweary, aweary,
I would that I were dead!"
- We're back to the refrain again. But this time, instead of "life" or "night" we have "day."
- That makes sense. This stanza was about the daylight hours, after all.
- It seems that there's no hour that isn't affected by her sorrow. Mariana's days, her nights, and her whole life are one monotonous sleepwalk.
- The form of the poem supports this dreamlike state: things keep repeating, over and over, as if time doesn't really exist in Mariana's world. (Check out "Form and Meter" for more.)
- She knows that tomorrow will be just as hopeless as the next day.
- Is she asking for death to rescue her from despair? Let's read on to find out…
Line 37-40
About a stone-cast from the wall
A sluice with blacken'd waters slept,
And o'er it many, round and small,
The cluster'd marish-mosses crept.
- A short distance from the wall (a "stone-cast" or a stone's throw) there's a little area where water passes. That would be the moat, like in a fairy tale—except this princess is waiting for a prince that doesn't seem to be coming.
- The waters are dark, just like everything else in this landscape.
- To top things off, moss grows all around the wall.
- Is it just us, or is Tennyson spending a lot of time establishing a moody setting, one that matches the mood of our Mariana?
- Hint: it's not just us. The pathetic fallacy is strong with this one.
Lines 41-44
Hard by a poplar shook alway,
All silver-green with gnarled bark:
For leagues no other tree did mark
The level waste, the rounding gray.
- A poplar tree with some gnarly bark shakes in the wind. There are no other trees around.
- The speaker calls the land "waste" and describes it as gray. Ever watch an old black-and-white movie? It's kind of like that. All the color (and the joy) has been removed from the picture.
- But why?
- It's because the woman who is seeing the landscape is sad.
- The poplar tree is a symbol of her loneliness. It grows alone, like she does—sniff.
Lines 45-48
She only said, "My life is dreary,
He cometh not," she said;
She said "I am aweary, aweary
I would that I were dead!"
- Yep, you guessed it, Shmoopers: it's that same old refrain again.
- This time, we've returned to "life" being dreary, instead of "night" or "day."
- We get it. Who wouldn't be weary, after an exhausting and repetitive cycle like the one the Mariana is experiencing?
- And that's part of the reason the refrain is so effective: it establishes the hopeless tone of the poem.
- It also creates the sense that time keeps passing for everyone but Mariana. No matter what happens, she'll be back to her same old tune.
- Sheesh—depressing, much?