How we cite our quotes: (Part.Chapter.Paragraph)
Quote #1
He did not yet know that a goldfield was a place of muck and hazard, where every fellow was foreign to the next man, and foreign to the soil; where a grocer's cradle might be thick with color, and a lawyer's cradle might run dry; where there were no divisions. Moody was some twenty years Balfour's junior, and so he spoke with deference, but he was conscious that Balfour was a man of lower standing than himself, and he was conscious also of the strange miscellany of persons around him, whose estates and origins he had not the means to guess. His politeness therefore had a slightly wooden quality, as a man who does not often speak with children lacks any measure for what is appropriate, and so holds himself apart, and is rigid, however much he wishes to be kind (I.1.43).
Here, the narrator is describing the great equalizing powers of the goldfields. Moody is pretty class conscious and used to greater divisions among men in society, so apparently Hokitika is a bit of a shock, and he has to figure out how to communicate "properly" with everyone.
Quote #2
Thomas Balfour felt this condescension, and was delighted. He had a playful distaste for men who spoke, as he phrased it, 'much too well,' and he loved to provoke them—not to anger, which bored him, but to vulgarity, He regarded Moody's stuffiness as if it were a fashionable collar, made in some aristocratic style, that was unbearably confining to the wearer—he saw all the conventions of polite society in this way, as useless ornamentations—and it amused him, that the man's refinement caused him to be so ill at ease (I.1.44).
Meanwhile, Balfour apparently was amused by the fact that Moody was so uncomfortably conscious of their class differences; instead of it making him feel bad about himself, he just felt sorry for Moody's discomfort.
Quote #3
Had he interrupted a secret council of some kind? But what kind of council could possibly comprise such a diverse range of race, income, and estate? (I.1.199).
Moody becomes even more puzzled by the mix of men in the room when he realizes that they're actually all there as part of some common mission, and Moody (being much more traditional) has trouble figuring out what could bring such men together. Weren't you listening to Balfour, Moody—gold, of course!