Historical Fiction; Young Adult Literature
The story might be the stuff of fiction, but it's based on real events. In fact, the Haitian Revolution really took place back at the end of the 18th century.
Other stuff that really went down? Toussaint L'Ouverture liberated himself and rose to become a powerful military and political leader of freed slaves after an uprising. By 1797, he was the most powerful man on the island, ending slavery while ruling as a virtual dictator.
Sure, the book might take its inspiration and setting from history, but the characters' thoughts and actions are Nick Lake's own creation. He's blended the events from history with his own version of events to deliver us one delicious historical fiction novel, smoothie style.
As for why this book is YA lit, well, it's told by a teenager and prominently features young people (no matter how grown-up their lives may seem). In exploring the Haitian Revolution through the gritty experiences of a modern-day gang member, history is made accessible and relevant to young people. So don't be surprised if you find this book in the YA section at your local library.